The high-temperature oil pump is a critical component in CNC lathes (especially precision Swiss-Type lathes), performing three essential functions through closed-loop oil circulation:

1. Forced Cooling for Thermal Stability
   Circulates hot lubricant (60-90°C) from spindle bearings, ballscrews, and linear guides through coolers, limiting temperature rise to ≤25°C. This prevents thermal drift (e.g., spindle elongation of 0.01mm/°C).

2. Oil Film Rigidity for Accuracy
   Maintains constant oil pressure (0.2-0.5MPa) in high-speed spindles (>8,000rpm) to form a uniform oil film, preventing metal-to-metal contact and absorbing vibrations. Ensures spindle radial runout ≤0.002mm.

3. Targeted Lubrication for Longevity
   Prioritizes oil flow via distributors: high-volume cooling for spindle bearings, medium-pressure anti-stick lubrication for ballscrew nuts, and thin-film friction reduction for guideways—extending core component lifespan 2-3x.

4. Self-Cleaning Contaminant Removal
   Flushes away microscopic contaminants (copper/iron particles) with 10μm filtration, protecting precision guide surfaces.

Technical Evolution: Traditional gear pumps have been replaced by variable-displacement piston pumps that adapt flow to spindle speed (e.g., 30L/min@10krpm → 80L/min@20krpm), reducing power consumption by 40%. Smart systems automatically increase flow 20% when oil temperature exceeds 85°C, preventing shutdowns from cooler blockages.

Maintenance: Monthly filter pressure drop checks (>0.3MPa requires replacement), annual replacement of synthetic ester oil (ISO VG32-46, rated for 120°C). This system is the indispensable "cooling circulatory system" for micron-level precision machining of medical implants, aerospace thin-wall parts, and similar applications.