Process Chain (6 Key Stages)

1. Design & Planning (Swiss-Type Lathe Design)

• Whole machine/component design → Swiss-Type Lathe manufacturing process planning → Inspection plan definition.

2. Base Component Machining (Machine Bed Machining)

• Rough machining (removing bulk material).

• Stress Relief (Aging Treatment) (Natural/Vibrational aging - crucial to prevent warping).

• Semi-finishing (establishing reference surfaces for final precision).

• Raw Material: High-strength cast iron/steel (Swiss-Type Lathe bed, base).

• Key Steps:

3. Precision Component Manufacturing (Spindle Machining, Leadscrew Machining)

• Precision grinding/Jig grinding (Accuracy ≤1μm).

• Heat treatment (Carburizing, Nitriding for wear resistance).

• Ultra-finishing (Surface roughness Ra ≤0.1μm).

• Core Components: Swiss-Type Lathe Spindle, Ball screw, Linear guides.

• Processes:

4. Assembly & Commissioning (Swiss-Type Lathe Assembly)

• Machine bed guides as the primary reference.

• Precision Hand-Scraping (≥70% contact area for rigidity).

• Mechatronic Integration (CNC system, servo drives).

• Sub-assembly: Spindle unit dynamic balancing, Feed system testing.

• Final Assembly (Temperature-Controlled Environment):

5. Accuracy Verification (Machine Tool Accuracy Testing)

• Laser Interferometer (Positioning accuracy compensation).

• Ballbar Tester (Dynamic circular deviation).

• Spindle runout/temperature rise testing.

• Key Tests:

• Test Cutting: NAS standard test piece (verifies machining accuracy/surface finish).

6. Final Inspection & Delivery

• Painting & Protection → Packing → Attach accuracy report/technical documentation.

Core Characteristics

1. Accuracy Stack-Up: Micron-level precision control throughout, from casting stress relief to final hand-scraping.

2. Rigidity Meets Precision: High rigidity base (resists cutting forces) + High-precision motion components.

3. Multi-Technology Fusion: Heavy machining (Planer mills) + Ultra-precision machining (Jig grinders) + Mechatronic Debugging (CNC system optimization).

4. Thermal Stability Priority: Temperature-controlled assembly/testing + Thermo-symmetric design minimizes drift.

Core Challenges

1. Stress Relief: Residual stress in large castings causing later deformation (requires months-long aging, costly).

2. Long-Term Accuracy Retention: Maintaining micron-level accuracy under prolonged cutting vibration (depends on structural rigidity/material stability).

3. Dynamic Accuracy Control: Compensating for combined errors during high-speed motion (servo lag, thermal expansion) using ballbar data (complex tuning).

4. Skilled Craftsmanship Dependency: Hand-scraping, spindle assembly rely on experienced technicians (hard to automate).

5. System Integration Complexity: Coordinated debugging of mechanical/electrical/hydraulic/software systems (long troubleshooting chain).

Summary
The essence of a Swiss-Type Lathe manufacturer is being the "machine tool builder for precision machine tools". Its manufacturing process chain is a complex fusion of heavy foundation + ultra-precision details + system integration. The core challenge lies in overcoming physical laws (stress/heat/wear) and achieving cross-disciplinary technology integration to deliver precision machine tools capable of consistently producing micron-level parts.